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The Revolutionary Isthmian Party (in Spanish: ''Partido Istmeño Revolucionario'' (PIR)) was a Panamanian left-wing political party. It was founded in 1964〔Panama: election factbook, May 12, 1968. Washington: Institute for the Comparative Study of Political Systems. 1968. Pp. 21.〕 by Álvaro Menéndez Franco.〔 Danger over Panama. New York : Dobbs Merrill company Inc., 1964. Pp. 394.〕 In 1964 this party comprised part of the National Opposition Union that supported Marco Aurelio Robles.〔Elections in the Americas : a data handbook / ed. by Dieter Nohlen, Vol. 1. () (): Oxford Univ. Press, 2005. Pp. 532.〕 Álvaro Menéndez Franco, a poet and President of the National Council of Writers of Panama, a formerly presided over the Panama City Council, was the leader of National Action Vanguard (VAN). The VAN is known to be financed from Havana.〔Beruvides, Esteban M. Cuba: Anuario Histórico 1964. Miami: Colonial Press International. Pp. 84.〕 The VAN was only one of the more than twenty Communist-front organizations that were active in the flag war.〔 Danger over Panama. New York : Dobbs Merrill company Inc., 1964. Pp. 311.〕 The name of Álvaro Menéndez Franco also appeared on the ballot of the PIR for deputy in the Panamá Province (1964).〔Danger over Panama. New York : Dobbs Merrill company Inc., 1964. Pp. 394.〕 In 1964 the PIR polled 933 votes (00.29%) and was abolished by the Electoral Tribunal. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Revolutionary Isthmian Party」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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